Generative UI: LLMs are Effective UI Generators
Google Research paper that first systematically articulates the Generative UI concept. The paper defines Generative UI as "AI models generating not just content, but the entire user experience". Experiments show that with the right prompts and tools, LLMs can generate high-quality custom interactive interfaces that are significantly preferred by human users (44% of cases comparable to human experts). The paper also releases the PAGEN dataset for evaluating generated interfaces.
Towards a Working Definition of Designing Generative User Interfaces
DIS 2025 conference paper that proposes the first working definition of Generative UI (GenUI) through literature review and case analysis. The research identifies GenUI as a new paradigm of interface creation where "humans and AI collaborate at design-time to generate interfaces, and users interact with AI-generated interfaces at runtime". The paper summarizes five key characteristics of GenUI: co-creation, design space expansion, representational fluidity, contextual adaptation, and generation-first.
Generative and Malleable User Interfaces with Generative AI
CHI 2025 paper that proposes using AI to generate "generative and malleable user interfaces" based on user tasks. The authors designed a task-driven data model where LLMs parse user prompts and generate UI specifications, then map them to concrete interfaces. Experiments demonstrate that this method can dynamically generate interface elements such as forms and visualizations, supporting users to modify interfaces via natural language.